Mitochondrial function refers to the physiological processes and activities carried out by mitochondria, which are organelles found in the cells of most eukaryotic organisms. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they play a critical role in generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary energy source for cellular functions. Mitochondrial function is essential for various cellular processes, including metabolism, cell signaling, and regulation of cell growth and death. Dysfunction in mitochondria can lead to a wide range of health issues, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging-related conditions. Research in mitochondrial function aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial activity, as well as how defects in mitochondrial function contribute to disease development. This research area also explores potential therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondria to improve cellular function and overall health.